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| Year : 2012 | Volume
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| Issue : 2 | Page : 139 |
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| Visual inspection of platelet concentrates; still an essential prerelease check |
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Suchet Sachdev, Hari Krishan Dhawan, Dheeraj Khetan, Ashish Jain, RR Sharma, Neelam Marwaha
Department of Transfusion Medicine, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
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| Date of Web Publication | 24-Jul-2012 |
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How to cite this article:
Sachdev S, Dhawan HK, Khetan D, Jain A, Sharma R R, Marwaha N. Visual inspection of platelet concentrates; still an essential prerelease check. Asian J Transfus Sci 2012;6:139 |
How to cite this URL:
Sachdev S, Dhawan HK, Khetan D, Jain A, Sharma R R, Marwaha N. Visual inspection of platelet concentrates; still an essential prerelease check. Asian J Transfus Sci [serial online] 2012 [cited 2023 Mar 31];6:139. Available from: https://www.ajts.org/text.asp?2012/6/2/139/98912 |
Bacterial contamination occurs in approximately 1 in 3000 platelet concentrates (PCs) and may induce sepsis in approximately one in six recipients of the contaminated product. [1] Microbial contamination accounted for the third most common cause of transfusion associated fatalities reported to the US Food and Drug Administration between 2005 and 2009. [2] At our institute, platelets are prepared after blood collection following stringent donor selection and skin disinfection. Culture is done for 1% of units prepared as per the regulatory requirements for the quality control of blood components. [3] We report the detection of a large fibrinous coagulum in a platelet concentrate on the 4 th day of shelf life [Figure 1], sometimes referred to as "Egg drop soup platelets". [4] Swirling was absent in the unit, pH was 6.5 (range: 6.55-6.70 on day 3), sugar was 0.2 mmol/l (range: 18.8-20.2 mmol/l at day 3), and ionized calcium was 0.73 mg/dl (normal, <0.5 mg/dl). [4],[5],[6] Blood culture (BACTEC 9240 system; Becton, Dickinson & Company, Sparks, MD 21152, USA) detected growth. The organism was characterized as acinetobacter calcoaceticus-baumannii complex. Acinetobacter is a ubiquitous bacterium known to be part of skin flora and usually colonizes reusable phlebotomy tourniquets. The increasing clinical interest in the genus acinetobacter is mainly attributed to its capability to cause a wide range of nosocomial infections. This is due to the unusual ability of this gram negative organism to survive in dry conditions for prolonged periods and acquire as well as upregulate antibiotic drug resistance determinants. Contamination of platelets with gram negative acinetobacter is more likely to result in septic fatality. Bacterial cultures prior to issue of platelet preparations has become standard practice in various developed countries, however, similar implementation still has a long way to go in developing countries due to cost constraints and inventory logistics. Thus a rapid and cost effective point of care test and thorough visual inspection can help in minimizing septic transfusion events in patients. | Figure 1: Photograph depicting large fibrinous coagulum in a platelet concentrate
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 References | |  |
| 1. | Hillyer CD, Josephson CD, Blajchaman MA, Vostal JG, Epsten JS, Goodman JL. Bacterial contamination of blood components: Risks, strategies, and regulation: Joint ASH and AABB educational session in transfusion medicine. Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program 2003;575-89. 
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| 2. | Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Fatalities reported to FDA following blood collection and transfusion. Annual Summary for Fiscal Year 2009; 2009. Available from: http://www.fda.gov/downloads/BiologicsBloodVaccines/SafetyAvailability/ReportaProblem/TransfusionDonationFatalities/UCM205620.pd. [Last accessed date 2012 Jun 19].
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| 3. | Malik V. Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 1940. 16 th ed. Lucknow: Eastern Book Company; 2003. p. 279-303.
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| 4. | Hay S, Brecher M. Egg drop soup platelets: Gross bacterial contamination of a platelet product. Transfusion 2007;47:1335-6.
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| 5. | Bertolini F, Murphy S. A multicenter inspection of the swirling phenomenon in platelet concentrates prepared in routine practice. Biomedical Excellence for Safer Transfusion (BEST) Working Party of the International Society of Blood Transfusion. Transfusion 1996;36:128-32.
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| 6. | Böck M, Rahrig S, Kunz D, Lutze G, Heim MU. Platelet concentrates derived from buffy coat and apheresis: Biochemical and functional differences. Transfus Med 2002;12:317-24.
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Correspondence Address:
Suchet Sachdev
Department of Transfusion Medicine, PGIMER, Chandigarh - 160 012
India
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | Check |
DOI: 10.4103/0973-6247.98912
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| This article has been cited by | | 1 |
Large Fibrinous Coagulum in the Platelet Bag: A Hint Towards Bacterial Contamination |
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| Anubhav Gupta, Kiran Chaudhary, Anupa Pokhrel, Prerna Sachdeva, Shilpi Varshney, Harkiran Arora, Swati Asati | | Indian Journal of Hematology and Blood Transfusion. 2021; 37(2): 337 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | |
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