Prevalence of ABO blood groups and rhesus (Rh) factor in the population residing in and around Amritsar, Punjab (a 4-year study from June 2007 to June 2011)

Harjot Kaur; Ashish Khanna; Mridu Manjari; Menka Khanna

doi:10.4103/0973-6247.115591

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LETTER TO THE EDITOR

Year : 2013 | Volume : 7 | Issue : 2 | Page : 159

Prevalence of ABO blood groups and rhesus (Rh) factor in the population residing in and around Amritsar, Punjab (a 4-year study from June 2007 to June 2011)

Harjot Kaur¹, Ashish Khanna², Mridu Manjari¹, Menka Khanna¹
¹ Department of Pathology, Sri Guru Ram Das Institute of Medical Sciences & Research, Punjab, India
² Department of Microbiology, Sri Guru Ram Das Institute of Medical Sciences & Research, Punjab, India

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Date of Web Publication

25-Jul-2013

How to cite this article:
Kaur H, Khanna A, Manjari M, Khanna M. Prevalence of ABO blood groups and rhesus (Rh) factor in the population residing in and around Amritsar, Punjab (a 4-year study from June 2007 to June 2011). Asian J Transfus Sci 2013;7:159

How to cite this URL:
Kaur H, Khanna A, Manjari M, Khanna M. Prevalence of ABO blood groups and rhesus (Rh) factor in the population residing in and around Amritsar, Punjab (a 4-year study from June 2007 to June 2011). Asian J Transfus Sci [serial online] 2013 [cited 2021 Aug 4];7:159. Available from: https://www.ajts.org/text.asp?2013/7/2/159/115591

Sir,

As we know ABO and rhesus (Rh) blood group antigens are the most frequently studied genetic markers in a large group of people. The knowledge of the distribution of ABO and Rh blood groups is essential for effective management of blood banks inventory, be it a facility of smaller local transfusion service or a regional or national transfusion service. Apart from the importance in blood transfusion practice, the ABO and Rh blood groups are useful in population genetic studies, researching population migration patterns as well as resolving certain medico-legal issues, particularly of disputed parentage. ^[1] The present study reports the distribution of ABO blood groups and rhesus (D) factor among the population residing in and around Amritsar (Punjab), India. We studied 14,725 subjects (both male and female) between June 2007 to June 2011 at Sri Guru Ram Das Institute. Our aim was to determine the distribution of different blood groups in the people residing in and around Amritsar and to compare it with population residing in different parts of India. There are no such data available for Amritsar (Punjab), India. In rhesus blood grouping system 13,441 (91.28%) individuals were rhesus (D) positive and 1,284 (8.72%) were rhesus (D) negative shown with general formula B>O>A>AB [Table 1]. These blood group frequencies with respect to ABO and rhesus (D) positive can be shown with general formula B>O>A>AB and for ABO and rhesus (D) negative, the formula is O>B>A>AB. In our study we did the grouping of 8,728 males and 5,997 females. The prevalence of ABO blood group was OM> BM> BF> OF> AM> AF> ABM > ABF [Table 2]. A study done in and around Bangalore in Karnataka showed the blood group frequency to be O>B>A>AB. ^[2] These studies usually follow the asciatic trend of O>B>A>AB. These findings are in contrast to our finding of group B predominance which has been also shown by Nanu and Thapliyal in the north Indian population. ^[3] Another study in Pakistan (Punjab) showed the frequency of blood group antigen to be B (36.16%)>O(34.14%)>A(21.20%)>AB(9.05%). ^[4] The similarity of frequency of ABO blood groups in the Indian Punjab and Pakistan Punjabi population could be attributed to their common agricultural and historical background. Similar high degree of similarity with a distant population has been attributed to their common history. ^[5] So the data generated can be helpful to health planners to face the health challenges of the region. In conclusion these studies generate a simple database of blood groups at regional level which can be helpful in case of calamities as well as prediction of future disease burden.

Table 1: Frequency of ABO and Rhesus (D) blood group among the Population residing in and around Amritsar

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Table 2: Gender wise distribution of ABO blood group

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References

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2.	Periyavan S, Sangeetha SK, Marimuthu P, Manjunath BK, Seema DM. Distribution of ABO and Rhesus-D blood groups in and around Bangalore. Asian J Transf Sci 2010;4:41.
3.	Nanu A, Thapliyal RM. Blood group gene frequency in a selected north Indian population. Indian J Med Res 1997;106:242-6.
4.	Afzal M, Rehman Z, Hussain F, Siddiqi R. A survey of blood groups. J Pak Med Assoc 1977;27:426-8.
5.	Mukhin VN. The genetic differentiation of the human populations of Donetsk province, Ukraine. The distribution of ABO and Rhesus blood group systems. Tsitol Genet 1994;28:47-51. [PUBMED]